Drilling through steel can be tough, but with the right drill bits, the job can be done with ease and precision. It’s important to understand the different materials and shapes of drill bits for steel in order to select the right one for your project.
First, let’s discuss the materials commonly used in drill bits for steel. High-speed steel HSS is the most common material and is a great option for drilling through unhardened steel. HSS drill bits come in a variety of surface treatments such as black oxide and titanium, which help increase the bit’s lifespan. However, for drilling through hardened steel, cobalt or carbide drill bits are necessary.
Cobalt drill bits are known for their durability and strength. They are made with 5-8% cobalt mixed with high-speed steel, making them ideal for drilling through tough steel. Cobalt drill bits also stay sharp longer than HSS bits, so they are a great investment for frequent drilling in steel.
Carbide drill bits are the most durable and heat-resistant drill bits for steel. They are made of tungsten carbide, which is harder than high-speed steel and cobalt. Carbide drill bits are perfect for drilling through hardened steel because they are capable of cutting through it even at high speeds. However, they are more expensive than other drill bits, so they should only be used for specific projects where precision and durability are necessary.
Now let’s talk about the shapes of drill bits for steel. There are four main shapes: twist, step, core, and spade.
The twist drill bit is the most common and recognizable of all the drill bit shapes. The drill bit spirals down from the tip to create a smooth, clean hole through the steel. Twist bits are available in both HSS and cobalt, and are suitable for drilling through unhardened steel.
Step drill bits are used specifically for drilling through thin materials, and feature a cone shape with stepped flat edges. These drill bits are perfect for drilling through sheet metal or thin steel plates, creating holes that are precise and clean.
Core drill bits, also called annular cutters, create larger holes in steel than a typical twist bit. The drill bit contains a hollow center that collects the steel chips as it cuts, allowing for a cleaner hole with less debris. Core drill bits are an expensive option, but they are perfect for industrial or professional projects where fast drilling and precision are important.
Lastly, spade drill bits feature a flat, paddle-shaped tip that is great for drilling large holes through thin steel. These bits are available in both HSS and cobalt, and are perfect for projects that require large holes or quick drilling through thin materials.
When selecting the right drill bit for steel, it’s important to take into account the material of the steel you are drilling through, as well as the size and shape of the hole you need. It’s also important to select a high-quality drill bit that will provide precision and durability to ensure your project is successful.
Investing in a set of high-quality drill bits for steel can save both time and money in the long run. By selecting the right drill bit for your project, you can ensure a successful and precise outcome.
